Vol. 11, Issue 4 (2025)
Paediatric osteomyelitis mimicking malignancy: Clinical and radiologic perspectives
Anurag Sharma, Harsha GR, Akber Ikram Ahmed, Ameen Aftab and Raghavendra H
Low-grade chronic osteomyelitis can closely mimic malignant bone lesions in pediatric patients due to overlapping clinical and radiological features. We report the case of a 12-year-old with distal femoral swelling, in whom clinical and radiological findings showed no evidence suggestive of osteomyelitis, leading to an initial suspicion of neoplasia. Surgical debridement, however, revealed chronic osteomyelitis. This case highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion and performing timely surgical exploration to distinguish infection from neoplasia, thereby enabling early, targeted treatment and avoiding unnecessary oncologic interventions.
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