Vol. 11, Issue 3 (2025)

Malignant bone tumors are rare, but they are high-grade tumors with a direct impact on the functional prognosis of the affected limb and the patient's vital prognosis. They constitute a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency. The aim of this study is to review the diagnostic and therapeutic particularities of these tumors in precarious environments.
This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection covering a five-year period from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2024.
We identified 42 cases of bone tumors, representing 0.12% of the reasons for hospitalization. Of these, 31 met our inclusion criteria. The mean age of the patients was 30.45 years. Males predominated, with a sex ratio of 1.21. The femur and tibia were the preferred sites, accounting for 51.61% (n=16) and 22.58% (n=7) of cases respectively. Osteosarcoma was the most frequent histological type (70.97%), followed by chondrosarcoma and fibrosarcoma. The most common clinical signs were pain and swelling (100%). Lung metastases were found in 15 cases. Chemotherapy was administered in 5 patients. Surgical treatment was performed in 24 patients, including 15 amputations. Our study shows that malignant bone tumors are a rare but serious lesion in resource-limited countries, where diagnosis is usually delayed.