Vol. 1, Issue 2 (2015)

Introduction: Distal third shaft humerus fractures are significant injuries in adults, often associated with direct trauma and comorbid conditions such as osteoporosis. These fractures present unique management challenges due to their anatomical proximity to the radial nerve and complex biomechanical considerations. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, associated risk factors, fracture patterns, and outcomes of distal third shaft humerus fractures in adults at a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedics, Katuri Medical College and Hospital, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, including 75 adult patients with distal third shaft humerus fractures. Data on demographics, clinical history, mechanism of injury, comorbid conditions, and radiographic findings were collected. Fracture patterns were classified according to the AO classification system. Outcomes measured included complication rates (particularly radial nerve palsy), time to union, and functional recovery assessed by the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score at 6 months post-injury.

Results: The most common fracture pattern was B1 (Spiral Wedge), accounting for 18.7% of cases. Osteoporosis (28%) and diabetes (22.7%) were prevalent comorbid conditions. The incidence of radial nerve palsy was 17.3%. The average time to union was 11.5 weeks, and the mean DASH score at 6 months was 18.5, indicating good functional recovery. The study found a weak correlation between fracture patterns and comorbid conditions.

Conclusion: Distal third shaft humerus fractures are associated with significant comorbid conditions, particularly osteoporosis, which influence fracture patterns and outcomes. Despite the complication of radial nerve palsy, functional recovery was generally favorable. The study highlights the need for individualized management strategies and preventive measures to optimize patient outcomes.